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Molasse basin
The Molasse basin is a foreland basin north of the Alps which formed during the Oligocene and Miocene epochs. The basin formed as a result of the flexure of the European plate under the weight of the orogenic wedge of the Alps that was forming to the south.
In geology, the name "molasse basin" is sometimes also used in a general sense for a synorogenic (formed contemporaneously with the orogen) foreland basin of the type north of the Alps. The basin is the type locality of molasse, a sedimentary sequence of conglomerates and sandstones, material that was removed from the developing mountain chain by erosion and denudation, that is typical for foreland basins.
==Geographic location==
The Molasse basin stretches over a length of 1000 kilometers along the long axis of the Alps, in France, Switzerland, Germany and Austria. The western end is at Lake Geneva, where the basins outcrop is just 20 km wide. Further to the northeast the basin becomes wider. It forms the subsurface of the Swiss Mittelland and reaches its largest width (circa 130 km) in the Bavarian foreland of the Alps. From Amstetten to Sankt Pölten the basin forms a narrow band, just 10 km in width. After that it widens again to the east. North of the Danube River it connects with the Vienna basin, and is thus connected with the Pannonian Basin further east.
The region where the molasse crops out is divided into two. The ''Subalpine Molasse zone'' along the Alps and the ''Foreland Molasse zone'' further into the foreland. In the Foreland Molasse zone the molasse sediments are relatively undisturbed, in the Subalpine Molasse zone the beds are often tilted, folded and thrust over each other.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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